# Silence in Organizations and Psychological Safety: A Literature Review

*Pacheco · Voice & Silence · European Scientific Journal · 2015 · Open access*

A literature review mapping the relationship between organisational silence and psychological safety, synthesising the types of silence employees engage in and the factors that promote or suppress voice. Introduces a taxonomy of silence types — acquiescent, defensive, prosocial, deviant, diffident — which the psychsafety.com Types of Silence article draws on directly, adding two further categories (preparatory and filled). Useful as an accessible bridge between the academic voice literature and PS practice.

- **This page:** https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/pacheco-et-al-2015/
- **View the source paper:** https://fileserver-az.core.ac.uk/download/pdf/61446587.pdf
- **Interactive map:** https://explore.psychsafety.com/?mode=papers&node=pacheco-et-al-2015

## Connected concepts (10)

- [Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/edmondson-1999.md) (paper)
- [Calculus of Voice](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/the-calculus-of-voice.md)
- [An Exploratory Study of Employee Silence: Issues That Employees Don't Communicate Upward and Why](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/milliken-morrison-hewlin-2003.md) (paper)
- [Helping and Voice Extra-Role Behaviors: Evidence of Construct and Predictive Validity](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/van-dyne-lepine-1998.md) (paper)
- [Leadership Behavior and Employee Voice: Is the Door Really Open?](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/detert-burris-2007.md) (paper)
- [Organizational Silence: A Barrier to Change and Development in a Pluralistic World](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/morrison-milliken-2000.md) (paper)
- [Voice Flows to and around Leaders: Understanding When Units Are Helped or Hurt by Employee Voice](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/detert-burris-harrison-martin-2013.md) (paper)
- [Barriers to PS](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/barriers-to-psychological-safety.md)
- [Open Secrets & Half-Baked Ideas](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/psychological-safety-63-open-secrets-half-baked-ideas.md)
- [Types of Silence](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/types-of-silence.md)