# Swiss Cheese Model

*Tom Geraghty · Safety & Human Error, Models & Critique*

Introduces James Reason's Swiss Cheese Model. Argues the model is useful for communicating layered defence but can, if applied uncritically, encourage a linear, Safety I view of failure that misrepresents the complexity of how accidents actually happen.

- **This page:** https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/the-swiss-cheese-model/
- **Read the full article on psychsafety.com:** https://psychsafety.com/the-swiss-cheese-model/
- **Interactive map:** https://explore.psychsafety.com/?node=swiss-cheese

## Connected concepts (7)

- [Human Error: Models and Management](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/reason-2000.md) (paper)
- [Just Culture](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/just-culture.md)
- [Amplifying Weak Signals](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/amplifying-weak-signals.md)
- [Human Error & PS](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/psychological-safety-human-error.md)
- [Normal Accidents](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/normal-accidents.md)
- [Safety I & Safety II](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/psychological-safety-73-safety-i-safety-ii.md)
- [WAI vs WAD](https://explore.psychsafety.com/n/psychological-safety-work-as-imagined-vs-work-as-done.md)