The Field Guide › Paper

Innovation is not Enough: Climates for Initiative and Psychological Safety, Process Innovations, and Firm Performance

Baer · Team Learning, Origins · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · 2003 · Open access

Examined psychological safety at the organisational level — shifting from Edmondson's team-level construct to an organisation-wide climate. Found PS climate mediated between initiative climate and firm performance, and between process innovation and performance. The seven-item organisational-level scale is widely cited.

Connected concepts (6)

• Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams (paper)
• Psychological Safety: A Meta-Analytic Review and Extension (paper)
• Psychological Safety: A Systematic Review of the Literature (paper)
• Measuring PS
• Scaling PS
• Westrum's Typologies